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]]>The ABO blood group is based on the presence of 2 glycolipid antigen- A and B. People who’s RBC display only A-antigen have type A blood group while people who’s RBC displays only B antigen will have type B blood group and person who’s RBC surface will have both A as well as B antigen will have type AB blood group, and lastly people who lack both A and B antigen on their RBC surface will have type O blood group.
Blood plasma usually have anti-bodies or agglutinins that react with A or B antigen if they are mixed. These are anti-A antibody and anti-B antibody. We do not have same antigen and antibody present in an individual i.e that if our blood contains A antigen at RBC surface than our plasma will contain anti-B antibody and not anti-A antibody. Table given below displays the antibody present for the given antigen-:
BLOOD GROUP ANTIGEN ANTI-BODY
1. A ANTIGEN- A ANTI-B ANTIBODY
2. B Antigen-B Anti- A antibody
3. AB Antigen A and Antigen B NONE
4. O None Anti-A and anti-B antibody
Because blood group AB people makes neither anti-A or anti-B antibody, they are sometimes known as universal recipients: transfusion of type A and type B blood into these individual is likely to be safe. While type O blood have neither A or B antigen on their RBC so they are known as universal donor.
What is Blood Transfusion ?
It is explained conceptually in below lecture
7. Match the following.
A. Antigens composed of glycolipids 1. Agglutinins
And glycoprotein at RBC surface 2. Type O group
B. anti-Rh antibody 3. Rh(-) blood type
C. antibody present in blood plasma
D. Both A antigen and B antigen absent 4. Agglutinogens
ANS-: A – 4 B – 3 D – 2 C – 1
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