The post ALPRAZOLAM Synthesis, SAR, MCQ,Structure,Chemical Properties and Therapeutic Uses appeared first on Gpatindia: Pharmacy Jobs, Admissions, Scholarships, Conference,Grants, Exam Alerts.
]]>8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1,4]benzodiazepine.
Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic.
S. NO. | PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | |
1 | Molecular weight | 308.8 g/mol |
2 | Physical appearance | Solid; crystals from ethyl acetate |
3 | Melting point | 228-229°C |
4 | Octanol/water partition coefficient | 2.12 |
5 | Solubility | 13.1 mg/ml in water |
6 | Presence of ring | Diazepine, benzene, triazole |
7 | Number of chiral centers | Not present |
i. Alprazolam acts on benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1 and BNZ2.
ii. Alprazolam converts into two active metabolites: 4-hydroxylprazolam and α-hydroxyprazolam. The former metabolite acts with 0.20 times the potency of alprazolam, while the latter metabolite acts with 0.66 times the potency of the alprazolam.
iii. Action on BNZ1 leads to sedation and anti-anxiety effects, while action on BNZ2 produces effects on memory, coordination, muscle relaxation and anticonvulsive activities.
iv. A calming effect is also produced by the drug, when it binds with GABAA receptors, which increases the GABA binding to the receptors, which leads to inhibition of nervous system.
i. Reaction of 2,6,-dichloro-4-phenylquinoline (1) with hydrazine (2) gives 6-chloro-2-hydrazino-4-phenylquinoline (3).
ii. On boiling (3) with triethyl orthoacetate (4) in xylene eads to heterocyclization to form a triazole derivative (5).
iii. (5) undergoes oxidative cleavage by using sodium periodate (6) and Ruthenium dioxide (7) in an acetone-water system to form 2-[4-(3′-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo)]-5-chlorobenzophenone (8).
iv. On oxymethylation of the (8) using formaldehyde (9), followed by substitution of hydroxyl group by phosphorous tribromide (10) gives 2-[4-(3′-methyl-5′-bromomethyl-1,2,4-triazolo)]-5-chlorobenzophenone (11).
v. On substitution of the bromine atom with an amino group using ammonia and spontaneous heterocyclization produces alprazolam. [2]
Alprazolam is used for:
Side effects of alprazolam are:
MCQ
Q.1 Binding of alprazolam with acetylcholine muscarinic receptors results in?
a) Agonizing effect on muscarinic receptors
b) Antagonizing effect on muscarinic receptors
c) Do not produce any significant effect
d) Do not bind with muscarinic receptor
Q.2 Therapeutic use of drug Alprazolam is/are?
a) Treatment of Acute alcohol withdrawal
b) Treatment of seizures
c) Treatment of anxiety
d) All of the above
Q.3 Which amongst the following are the correct statements with respect to the SAR of drug Alprazolam?
I. Ring A should include an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring for binding with 5-phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives.
II. An electronegative group at 7-position of the ring A increases the functional anxiolytic activity.
III. Substitutions at 6, 8 or 9 position with electronegative group on ring A will decrease the functional anxiolytic activity.
IV. When Heterocycles used as ring A, drug shows poor pharmacological activity.
a) I, IV
b) I, II, IV
c) I, II, III, IV
d) II, III, IV
Q.4 Type of ring structures present in the structure of Alprazolam?
a) Triazole
b) Benzene
c) Diazepine
d) All of the above
Q.5 Correct sequence for the True/False for the physiochemical properties of the drug solifenacin?
I. Molecular weight is 308.8 gm/mol
II. Produces crystals from ethylacetate
III. Melting point is between 228-229°C
IV. Diazepine ring is present
a) TFTF
b) TTTT
c) FFFF
d)FFFT
Q.6 Correct statements for the IUPAC nomenclatures of the are?
I. Solifenacin: (3R)-1-Azabicyclo[2 2 2]oct-3-yl (1S)-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxylate
II. Zaleplon: N-(3-(3-cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-7-yl)phenyl)-N-ethylacetamide
III. Alprazolam: 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
IV. Diazepam: 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a] [1,4]benzodiazepine
a) II, IV
b) I, II
c) I, III, IV
d) I, II, III, IV
Q.7 Match the following drugs with their correct classifications-
i. Solifenacin | A. Barbiturate sedative-hypnotic |
ii. Thiobarbital | B. Benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic |
iii. Alprazolam | C. Acetylcholine antagonist |
iv. Zaleplon | D. Nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic |
a) i-C, ii-A, iii-B, iv-D
b) i-B, ii-C, iii-A, iv-D
c) i-D, ii-A, iii-C, iv-B
d) i-A, ii-C, iii-B, iv-D
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1-d
2-c
3-c
4-d
5-b
6-b
7-a
The post ALPRAZOLAM Synthesis, SAR, MCQ,Structure,Chemical Properties and Therapeutic Uses appeared first on Gpatindia: Pharmacy Jobs, Admissions, Scholarships, Conference,Grants, Exam Alerts.
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