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]]>Enzymes are known as marker of cellular damage. The amount of enzymes present in the plasma is used for the investigation of the diseases of liver, heart, skeletal muscle, biliary tract etc.
Classification of diagnostically important enzymes:
Liver, cardiac and skeletal enzymes:- Enzymes in this category include:
Biliary tract enzymes:- Enzymes included in this category are
Digestive enzymes of pancreatic origin:- The digestive enzymes are investigated for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases
Enzymes as tumor marker
Elevated enzyme level may mark the presence of malignancy. The below table describes the same:
Enzymes | Type of cancer |
Aldolase | Liver cancer |
Alkaline phosphatase | Liver, bone, leukemia cancer |
Prostate specific enzyme | Prostate cancer |
5’-nucleotidase | Liver cancer |
Creatine kinase | Lung, breast, ovarian cancer |
Enzymes can be used as reagents and labels.
Enzymes as reagents:- Enzymes are widely used in the laboratories as reagents for the estimation of serum constituents.
Enzymes as Reagents | Assays |
Alcohol dehydrogenase | Ethanol |
Lactate dehydrogenase | Lactate |
Uricase | Uric acid |
Urease | Urea |
Lipase, glycerol kinase | Triacylglycerol |
Hexokinase | Creatine Kinase |
Glucose oxidase | Glucose |
Enzymes as labels:- Many enzymes are used as the label in various immunoassays for the determination of serum level of drugs, hormones, and other compounds. Examples include:
Some enzymes are used in the treatment of several diseases of human being, Like:
Some other enzymes and its therapeutic is described in below given image.
1. In how many types, uses of enzymes are classified?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
2. What indicates liver diseases?
A. Increased AST
B. Increased ALT
C. Decreased AST
D. Both A and B
3. Assay of which is used for the diagnosis of pancreatitis?
A. Bacterial asparginase
B. Amylase
C. Trypsin
D. Chymotrypsin
4. Elevated level of aldolase indicates which type of cancer?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Bone
D. Prostate
5. Which of the following is use for the treatment of leukemia?
A. Bacterial asparginase
B. Amylase
C. Trypsin
D. Chymotrypsin
6. Match the following enzyme indicating disease-
a. Chymotrypsin 1. Liver cancer
b. Trypsin 2. tumors
c. Amylase 3. Cystic fibrosis
d. 5-nucleotidase 4. Renal failure
7. Which of the following enzyme is used as a label for the determination of serum level of drugs?
A. Peroxidase
B. Alkaline phosphatase
C. Glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase
D. All of the above
8. Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A. AST was formerly known as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
B. Penicillinase is used for treatment of penicillin allergy
C. Pepsin is used for the treatment of jaundice
D. Urokinase is used in myocardial infraction
9. Elevated level of which enzyme indicates renal failure?
A. Bacterial asparginase
B. Amylase
C. Trypsin
D. Chymotrypsin
10. What occurs during hepatobiliary diseases?
A. Increased level of NTP
B. Increased level of GGT
C. Decreased level of NTP
D. Decreased level of GGT
11. Increased level of GGT indicates which disease?
A. Obstructive jaundice
B. Pancreatitis
C. Renal failure
D. All of the above
12. Moderate increase in level of AST and ALT occur after the intake of which liquid?
A. Tea
B. Alcohol
C. Orange juice
D. None of the above
13. What happens to the level of AST after myocardial infraction?
A. Increased
B. Decreased
C. Constant
D. None of the above
14. Bone cancer is indicated by the elevated level of which enzyme?
A. Aldolase
B. Alkaline phosphatase
C. Kinase
D. None of the above
15. Enzymes are known as marker of —— damage?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Both
D. None of the above
ANSWERS:-
1. 3
2. Both A and b
3. Amylase
4. Liver
5. Bacterial asparginase
6. a – 4 b – 3 c – 2 d – 1
7. All of the above
8. Pepsin is used for the treatment of jaundice
9. Chymotrypsin
10. Increased level of NTP
11. Obstructive jaundice
12. Alcohol
13. Increased
14. Alkaline phosphatase
15. None of the above
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