Enzyme of synthesis of triacylglycerol – Gpatindia: Pharmacy Jobs, Admissions, Scholarships, Conference,Grants, Exam Alerts
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3232Triacylglycerol Metabolism: Biosynthesis of triacylglycerol and MCQs for NEET, GPAT,CSIR NET, GATE
https://gpatindia.com/triacylglycerol-metabolism-biosynthesis-of-triacylglycerol-and-mcqs-for-neet-gpatcsir-net-gate/
https://gpatindia.com/triacylglycerol-metabolism-biosynthesis-of-triacylglycerol-and-mcqs-for-neet-gpatcsir-net-gate/#respondThu, 01 Oct 2020 08:50:50 +0000https://gpatindia.com/?p=30385Triacylglycerol are ester of fatty acids and have glycerol as alcohol. Fatty acids which are either synthesized by the endogenous substances or is taken through diet are stored in adipose tissue as triacylglycerol or neutral fats. It is known as […]
]]>Triacylglycerol are ester of fatty acids and have glycerol as alcohol. Fatty acids which are either synthesized by the endogenous substances or is taken through diet are stored in adipose tissue as triacylglycerol or neutral fats. It is known as body’s major fuel storage reserve.
Triacylglycerol are highly concentrated energy stores more than glycogen because they are more reduced (having more hydrogen atom) and anhydrous (non-polar).
Location: biosynthesis of triacylglycerol occurs in both liver and adipose tissue from glycerol-3-phosphate as starting compound.
In liver, glycerol-3-phosphate is produced from phosphorylation of glycerol by glycerol kinase enzyme
Adipose tissue lacks glycerol kinase enzyme that’s why, glycerol-3-phosphate is produced by glucose via DHAP
Reactions of synthesis of triacylglycerol
Firstly, fatty acids are activated to acyl-CoA.
2 more molecules of acyl-CoA combines with glycerol-3-phosphate and form phosphatidic acid (1,2-diacylglycerol phosphate) through the formation of lysophosphatidic acid.
Dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid produces diacylglycerol
esterification of another molecule of acyl-CoA with diacylglycerol leads to the formation of triacylglycerol.
Multiple choice questions (MCQs)
What is the other name of triacylglycerol? A. waxes B. phospholipids C. neutral fats D. all of the above
Which type of alcohol is present in triacylglycerol? A. sphingosine B. glycerol C. methanol D. none of the above
Which is the site of synthesis of triacylglycerol? A. liver B. areolar tissue C. adipose tissue D. both A and C
Out of glycogen and triacylglycerol which one is more efficient energy store? A. glycogen B. triacylglycerol C. both D. none
Match the following enzymes with the product it form- a. glycerol kinase 1. Phosphatidic acid b. acyl transferase 2. diacylglycerol C. phosphohydrolase 3. Lysophosphatidic acid d. acyl transferase 4. Glycerol-3-phosphate
How is glycerol-3-phosphate formed in liver? A. via DHAP B. NADPH C. glycerol kinase enzyme D. both B and C
How is glycerol-3-phosphate formed in adipose tissue? A. via DHAP B. NADPH C. glycerol kinase enzyme D. both B and C
Which of the following statement is NOT true? A. firstly diacylglycerol is formed and than triacylglycerol B. triacylglycerol are non polar in nature C. fatty acids are the backbone of triacylglycerol D. triacylglycerol is formed from both exogenous and endogenous substances
What is the full form of DHAP? A. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate B. dihydrogen acetone phosphate C. Dihydroxyacetone phosphatase D. Dishydroxyacetone phosphate
What is the active form of fatty acids? A. acyl-C B. acetyl-CoA C. alkyl-CoA D. none of the above
Which of the following enzyme participate in biosynthesis of triacylglycerol? A. glycerol kinase B. acyl transferase C. phosphohydrolase D. all of the above
Why is triacylglycerol more concentrated energy store? A. it is less reduced and anhydrous B. more reduced and hydrous C. reduced and anhydrous D. none
How many fatty acids are present in triacylglycerol? A. 2 b. 3 C. 4 D. 6
Which compound is termed as the backbone of triacylglycerol? A. glycerol B. fatty acids C. esters D. all of the above
ANSWERS:-
1. neutral fats
2. glycerol
3. both A and C
4. triacylglycerol
5. a – 4 b – 3 c – 2 d – 1
6. glycerol kinase enzyme
7. via DHAP
8. fatty acids are the backbone of triacylglycerol