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]]>IUPAC NOMENCLATURE: (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol. [1]
CLASSIFICATION: Morphine is an opiate analgesic and narcotic drug.
PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
1. Molecular weight : 285.34 g/mol
2. Appearance : White crystalline solid
3. Melting point : 255°C
4. Solubility : 149 mg/L in water at 20 °C
5. Dissociation constant (pKa) : 8.21 at 25°C
6. Presence of ring : Phenolic ring, cyclohexane ring, N-methyl-piperidine ring and partially saturated furane ring.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
STRUCTURAL ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP
METHOD OF PRODUCTION
Opium plants are crushed and diluted in the sulfuric acids. This helps in the extraction of opioids from poppy plants.
Extract is collected in the form of precipitate by reacting it with ammonium hydroxide solution.
Purification of product is done to separate the morphine from other opioids products.
THERAPEUTIC USES:
SIDE EFFECTS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Q(A) (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol is the IUPAC name of?
1. Tinidazole
2. Morphine
3.Penicillin
4. Promidazole
(B)Which type of ring is NOT present in morphine structure?
1. Phenolic
2. Cyclohexane
3. Furane
4. Imidazole
(C)Morphine is obtained from
1.Poppy plant
2.Penicillium
3Rauwolfia
4Both 1 and 3
(D)Morphine is used for-
1.Reducing the acute pain
2.Reducing the chronic pain
3.Treatment of hotness of breath
4.All of the above
(E) Which statement/s is/are correct?
I. Morphine intake can produce addiction
II. Morphine is an opioid drug
III. Morphine can help in reducing the chronic pain
1.I,II and III are correct
2.II and III are correct
3.II is incorrect
4.Only I is correct
(F) On replacement of N-CH3 by NCH2CH2Ph, activity changes by?
1.Activity remains constant
2.Activity increases 2 times
3.Activity decreases by 2 times
4.Activity increases by 14 times
(G) Which statement is correct?
1.Replacement of alcoholic hydroxyl with –OCH3 makes the compound more active than morphine
2.Replacement of alcoholic hydroxyl with –OCH3 makes the compound less active than morphine
3.Replacement of alcoholic hydroxyl with –OCH3 makes the compound will have no effect on its activity on morphine
4.Replacement of phenolic hydroxyl with –OCH3 makes the compound more active than morphine
ANSWERS
(A). (1) (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol is the IUPAC name for morphine.
(B)(4) Phenolic ring, cyclohexane ring, N-methyl-piperidine ring and partially saturated furane rings are present in morphine
(C)(2) Morphine is obtained by fungi poppy plant.
(D). (4) morphine can be used for reducing chronic and acute pains, and also is helpful in treatment of symptoms like shortness of breath.
(E). (1) all the options are correct for morphine.
(F). (4) activity will increase by 14 times
(G). (1) Replacement of alcoholic hydroxyl with –OCH3 makes the compound 5 times more active.
REFERENCES
[1] Small L, Rapoport H. Nuclear substituted morphine derivatives. The Journal of organic chemistry. 1947 Mar;12(2): pp.284-92.
[2] Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical pharmacology. JP Medical Ltd; 2013 Sep 30.: pp. 378-390.
[3] Wilson CO, Beale JM, Block JH. Wilson and Gisvold’s textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,; 2011: pp.783-784.
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