Here you can find free study material related to Pathophysiology.

1. Hypertension: Causes, Symptoms, Pathogenesis, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
2. Angina Pectoris : Symptoms, Causes, Characteristics, Treatment and MCQs for GPAT,NEET, CSIR NET JRF
3. Arteriosclerosis: Definition, Senile arteriosclerosis, Hypertensive arteriosclerosis, Types of Hypertensive arteriosclerosis, Mönckeberg’s arteriosclerosis And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
4. Atherosclerosis: Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical effect And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
5. Acute renal failure : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
6. Chronic renal failure : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
7. Congestive Heart Failure : Etiology, Symptoms, Causes, Types, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
8. Hyperthyroidism : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Clinical Features, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
9. Conn’s Syndrome : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Clinical Features, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
10. Goiter : Definition, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
11. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
12. Hyperparathyroidism : Definition, Types, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
13. Hypoparathyroidism : Definition, Types, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
14. Cushing’s Syndrome : Definition, Pathogenesis, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
15. Ischemic Heart Failure : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Pathogenesis, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
16. Myocardial Infarction: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
17. Thyroid Cancer : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Types, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
18. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
19. Malaria : Causative Agent, Pathogenesis and Life Cycle, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
20. Amebiasis : Causative Agent, Structure, Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
21. Cholera : Causative Agent, Structure, Pathogenesis, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
22. Myxoedema : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Clinical Features, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
23. Cretinism : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Clinical Features, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
24. Hypothyroidism : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
25. Grave’s Disease : Definition, Etiopathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
26. Chronic Bronchitis : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
27. Emphysema : Definition, Classification, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
28. Bronchial Asthma : Definition, Types, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
29. Bronchiectasis : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF
30. Diabetes Mellitus : Definition, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF

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1.] Post – infectious cases commonly develop in childhood and in early adult life.

2.] It is modified by clinically by cough, fever, and the the expectoration of copious amount of foul smelling, purulent sputum.

^{The above image is taken for education purpose only from respirtech.com}

CAUSES :-

^{The above image is taken for education purpose only from printerest.com}

SYMPTOMS :-

Some of the symptoms of bronchiectasis are as follows :

• Daily chronic coughing
• Coughing up blood
• Abnormal sound or wheezing in the chest with breathing
• Shortness of breath
• Pain in the chest
• Large amount of thick cough is expelled daily
• Respiratory infection become frequent
• Fatigue

TREATMENT :-

There is no proper cure for bronchiectasis. But in and all our main goal is to keep the bronchial secretion and infection under control. So some of the methods are as follows :

• Pulmonary rehabilitation.
• Antibiotics to prevent and treat infection.
• Albuterol (proventil) and tiotropium (spiriva) are the bronchodilators which are used to open up the airways so that a person can easily breath.
• For the thinning of the mucus medications are provided.
• When the oxygen level is too low like in case of serious infection Oxygen therapy is given to the patient.
• For fast expel of mucus expectorants are given to the patient .
• Because of the frequent respiratory infection vaccinations are also given.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS :-

1.] Bronchiectasis affects which part of the body ?

a. Lung

b. Brain

c. Heart

d. Liver

2.] With bronchiectasis which substance build – up in the lungs ?

a. Mucus

b. Oxygen

c. Carbon di oxide

d. Nitrogen

3.] Which of the following is the cause of bronchiectasis ?

a. Pneumonia

b. An injury to lung

c. In inherited condition

d. All of the above

4.] Pulmonary fibrosis is not produced by ?

a. Tuberculosis

b. Cor pulmonale

c. Progressive systemic sclerosis

d. Rheumatoid arthritis

5.] Does lung injury can cause bronchiectasis ?

a. True

b. False

6.] Which of the following are the cause of bronchiectasis ?

a. Autoimmune disease

b. HIV

c. Allergic aspergillosis

d. All of the above

7.] Does the symptoms of bronchiectasis can take months or even years to develop ?

a. False

b. True

8.] Copious amount of foul smelling cough, purulent sputum are the symptoms of ?

a. Chronic bronchitis

b. Asthma

c. Bronchiectasis

d. None of the above

9.] Which of the following bronchodilators are used in the treatment of bronchiectasis ?

a. Albuterol

b. Tiotropium

c. Both (a) and (b)

d. None of the above

10.] Which of the following are the symptoms of bronchiectasis ?

a. Chest pain, fever

b. Shortness of breath

c. Coughing up blood

d. All of the above

SOLUTIONS :-

1.] (a) Lung

2.] (a) Mucus

3.] (d)

4.] (b) Cor pulmonale

5.] (a)

6.] (d)

7.] (b)

8.] (c) Bronchiectasis

9.] (c)

10.] (d)

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REFERENCES :-

1.] Textbook Of Pathology By Harsh Mohan; 7th edition; Page no. 465 – 466.

2.] Robbin’s Basic Pathology; 5th edition; Page no. 692 – 694.

The post Bronchiectasis : Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF appeared first on Gpatindia: Pharmacy Jobs, Admissions, Scholarships, Conference,Grants, Exam Alerts.