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]]>Types of RNA:- cell contains majorly 3 types of RNA
All the three types of RNA have its individual role in the biosynthesis of protein. Each type of RNA differs from another by its size and function.
The m-RNA is only 5-10% of total cellular RNA. It is synthesized in the nucleus as heterogenous RNA (hm-RNA) but then it is processed into its functional form m-RNA. The m-RNA carries genetic information in the form of codons. Some unique characteristics of m-RNA include:
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The transfer RNA forms a structure that appears like clover leaf. It consists of 74-95 nucleotides. There are at least 20 different t-RNA molecules, one for each amino acid for the synthesis of proteins. Many amino acid has more than one t-RNA.
The t-RNA consists of 4 arms:
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T-RNA carries amino acid in the activated form to the ribosome for the biosynthesis of protein.
The RNA of the ribosome is called r-RNA. Ribosome is a nucleoprotein which acts as a machinery for the biosynthesis of protein. Ribosome is composed of small and large subunits. Ribosomes of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have their sedimentation coefficients; which are 70S for prokaryotes and 80S for eukaryotes. These coefficients are then subdivided. Thus 70S yields 50S, 30S and 80S yields 60S, 40S. Each subdivided unit is composed of one or more strand of r-RNA and no. of protein molecules.
Prokaryotic ribosome contains 3 r-RNA molecules, and eukaryotic ribosome contains four r-RNA molecules.
1. Which of the following is a long un-branched macromolecule?
A. Chromosomes
B. DNA
C. RNA
D. All of the above
2. Which of the following base is not present in RNA?
A. Cytosine
B. Thymine
C. Uracil
D. Guanine
3. Which type of sugar is present in RNA?
A. Pentose sugar
B. Ribose sugar
C. Deoxy-ribose sugar
D. Both B and c
4. What is the full form of m-RNA?
A. Magnetic RNA
B. Messenger RNA
C. Mitochondrial RNA
D. None of the above
5. Which of the following category differentiates the different types of RNA?
A. Size
B. Shape
C. Function
D. Both A and C
6. Which of the following arm of t-RNA serve as side of attachment for amino acid?
A. Acceptor arm
B. D- arm
C. Anticodon arm
D. t-psi arm
7. In RNA, nucleotides are joined by which type of bond?
A. Glycosidic bond
B. Phosphodiester bond
C. Both
D. None
8. The m-RNA is synthesized in the nucleus in which form?
A. Heterogenous RNA
B. Homogenous RNA
C. Homologous RNA
D. None of the above
9. Match the following-
A. m-RNA 1. Binds ribosomes to m-RNA
B. t-RNA 2. Carries active amino acid to ribosomes
C. r-RNA 3. Serves as template for protein synthesis
10. Which of the following binds the m-RNA to the ribosome?
A. t-RNA
B. Nucleus
C. m-RNA itself
D. None of the above
11. The eukaryotic ribosome contains how many r-RNA molecules?
A. 3
B. 2
C. 4
D. 6
12. Which of the following serves as template for protein synthesis?
A. t-RNA
B. r-RNA
C. m-RNA itself
D. None of the above
13. Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A. In prokaryotes, mostly the m-RNA is mono-cistronic
B. The acceptor arm consist of base paired stem
C. r-RNA perform some of the enzymatic activity
D. Prokaryotic ribosome contains 3 r-RNA
14. Which of the following is the function of r-RNA?
A. Maintains shape of ribosome
B. Protein synthesis
C. Binds m-RNA and ribosome
D. All of the above
15. How is the nucleotide sequence in the anti-codon arm of t-RNA?
A. Same as in codon
B. Opposite to the codon sequence
C. Not constant
D. None of the above
ANSWERS-
1. RNA
2. Thymine
3. Ribose sugar
4. Messenger RNA
5. Both A and c
6. Acceptor arm
7. Phosphodiester bond
8. Heterogenous RNA
9. A – 3 B – 2 C – 1
10. None of the above
11. 4
12. m-RNA
13. In prokaryotes, mostly the m-RNA is mono-cistronic
14. All of the above
15. Opposite to the codon sequence
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REFERENCE:- 1. Pankaja Naik- Biochemistry; 4th edition; page no:- 133-136
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1.DNA structure as a ladder was developed by___
a) Watson and crick
b) William Astbury
c) Rosalind Franklin
d) Franklin and Wilkins
2. A sugar moiety present in DNA is called ________
a) Ribose
b) Deoxyribose
c) Deoxypentose
d) Pentose
3. The following are the nucleotides present in DNA Except:
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Cytosine
d) Uracil
4. Which one of the following is a purine base for DNA
a) Guanine
b) Cytosine
c) Thiamine
d) Uracil
5. Which one of the following nitrogenous base is the demethylated form of Thymine
a) Guanine
b) Cytosine
c) Uracil
d) Adenine
6. Which of the following is the collect pair of nucleotide in DNA
a) Adenine- Uracil
b) Guanine-cytosine
c) Guanine-Adenine
d) Guanine-Thiamine
7. Each pair of nucleotide is held with _______
a) Nitrogen bond
b) Phosphate bond
c) Hydrogen bond
d) Carbon bond
8. Which of the following is the correct nucleotide pair in RNA
a) Adenine – Guanine
b) Adenine-thiamine
c) Adenine-Uracil
d) Adenine-cytosine
9. Genes are responsible for the production of ______
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats
c) Proteins
d) Vitamins
10. Two subunits of Ribosome are synthesized in _________
a) Endoplasmic reticulum
b) Nucleus
c) Golgi bodies
d) Mitochondria
Answer Key
Reference
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