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]]>In somatic cell division, the cell undergoes nuclear division known as mitosis; and also the cytoplasmic division called as cytokinesis. This division produces two identical cells having same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell. Somatic division replaces dead or injured cells and also adds new cells during cell growth.
A cell division is a sequence of events by which a somatic cell duplicates its contents and results in two cells. When a cell reproduces, it must replicate( means duplicate) all its chromosomes to pass their genes to the next generation cells. A cell cycle consist of two major phases :- the interphase during which the cell grows and does not divide; and the mitosis phase during which the cell divides.
Interphase
During this phase, the cell replicates its DNA. It also produces additional organelles and cytoplasmic components. Interphase is a phase during which high metabolic activity occurs; and during this phase, the cell does most of its growing. The interphase consist of 3 parts:
Mitotic phase
The mitotic phase of cell cycle consist of the nuclear division(mitosis) and the cytoplasmic division(cytokinesis).
The mitosis- is a continuous process, when one stage merges directly into the next one. It has different phases which are as follows:
Cytokinesis:- during this phase, cytoplasmic division occurs. contractile ring forms cleavage around the center of coil; hence divides the cytoplasm into two equal and separate parts.
1. How many types of cell division occur in our body?
A. 2 B. 4
C. 3 D. 1
2. In reproductive cell divisions, how many chromosomes do child cell have in comparison of parent cell?
A. equal no. of chromosomes B. half of the parent cell
C. one-third of parent cell D. one-fourth of parent cell
3. What is the function of somatic cell division?
A. same no. of chromosomes replicated b. replace dead cell
c. same kind of chromosomes D. all of the above
4. During which phase of interphase, is the cell metabolically active?
A. G1 phase B. S-phase
C. G2 phase D. all of the above
5. Match the following-
a. prophase 1. Nuclear envelop reappears
b. metaphase 2. Chromosomes appear V-shaped
c. anaphase 3. Centromere align in center of mitotic spindle
d. telophase 4. Tubulins form mitotic spindle
6. What is the shape of chromosome during the Anaphase?
A. t-shaped B. s-shaped
c. A-shaped D. V-shaped
7. During which phase, enzymes and proteins are synthesized?
A. S phase B. prophase
C. G2 phase D. telophase
8. Which of the following statement is true?
A. In reproductive cell division, chromosomes are half of parent cell
B. anaphase is the final stage of cell division
C. cytokinesis is about nuclear division
D. S- phase is highly metabolically active phase
9. During which phase, the centrosomes replication begins?
A. anaphase B. metaphase
C. G2 phase D. none of the above
10. When does non-dividing cells exits from the cell cycle?
A. G1 phase B. G2 phase
C. prophase D. cytokinesis
ANSWERS:-
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REFERENCE:- Gerard J. Tortora -Principles of anatomy and physiology; edition twelfth ; page no.-: 93-96.
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