Overview: The pituitary gland (aka hypophysis) is the master endocrine gland, located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica. It is divided into: Anterior pituitary (Adenohypophysis) – glandular Posterior pituitary (Neurohypophysis) – neural 🔹 1. Anterior Pituitary […]
1. Autocrine Hormones Definition: Hormones or chemical messengers that act on the same cell that secreted them. Mechanism: The cell releases a substance. The substance binds to receptors on its own membrane. Function: Local regulation of cell growth, immunity, and […]
Anatomy of the Penis – Notes 1. Overview The penis is the external male genital organ involved in urination and sexual reproduction. 2. Parts of the Penis Part Description Root (Base) Attached portion; includes crura and bulb Body (Shaft) Free […]
📘 STUDY NOTES 1. 📍 Ducts of the Testes The ducts of the testes are responsible for the transport of sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis. ✅ Components: Seminiferous tubules: Site of spermatogenesis (sperm production). Straight tubules (Tubuli […]
The human sperm cell is a specialized male gamete designed for delivering genetic material to the female ovum. Its unique structure facilitates mobility and successful fertilization. The sperm cell comprises four primary regions: Head Nucleus: Contains tightly packed haploid DNA […]
1. Overview The testes (testicles) are the male gonads, responsible for producing sperm (spermatogenesis) and testosterone (primary male sex hormone). Located in the scrotum, which maintains temperature ~2–3°C below body temp for optimal sperm development. 🧱 2. External Anatomy Structure […]
Definition: The scrotum is a pouch of skin located posterior to the penis, containing and supporting the testes. It plays a vital role in temperature regulation and protection of the testes. 🧬 Anatomical Structure (Layers – from superficial to deep): […]
Functions of the Male Reproductive System The male reproductive system has several important functions necessary for sexual reproduction. These include: 1. Production of Sperm (Spermatogenesis) Occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. Controlled by hormones such as FSH (Follicle […]
Definition: Oogenesis is the process by which ova (female gametes) are produced from primordial germ cells in the ovaries. It begins before birth, pauses, and completes after puberty during ovulation and fertilization. 📊 STEPS OF OOGENESIS (CHART FORMAT) Stage Cell […]
1. Definition: The perineum is the region between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx, bounded laterally by the ischial tuberosities. It includes the external genitalia and the anal opening. 2. Boundaries: Anterior: Pubic symphysis Posterior: Coccyx Lateral: Ischial tuberosities Superior […]