Adenylyl cyclase: cAMP pathway Activation of AC results in intracellular accumulation of second messenger cAM P (Fig. 4.6) which functions mainly through cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The PKA phosphorylates and alters the functi on of many enzymes, ion channels, transporters. […]
Dear Aspirant Here you can find free study material related to Physical Pharmacy. S. No. Name of article 1. Buffer: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general and MCQs for NEET, JEE, NET, GPAT, NIPER, Pharmacist and Drug Inspector Exam […]
Beta- Lactam Antibiotics (part I) (B)- Semisynthetic penicillins Semisynthetic penicillins: Semi-synthetic antibiotics are derivatives of natural antibiotics with slightly different but advantageous characteristics. […]
Beta- Lactams Antibiotics( part -I)- (A)Pencillins Pencillins: Pencillin was the first antibiotic […]
Pharmaceutical Aerosols Applications: They are used for their local action in the nasal areas, throat, and lungs, as well as for prompt systemic effect when absorbed from the lungs into the bloodstream (inhalation therapy). They are intended for topical application […]
Packaging methods: Two methods have been used to package aerosol products. Unlike non-aerosol products, part of the manufacturing of necessity takes place during the filling operation. The propellant and product concentrate must be brought together in a way that ensures […]
Aerosol formulation: Topical pharmaceuticals may be formulated as aerosols using solutions, suspensions, emulsions, powders, and semisolid preparations, while MDIs are formulated as solutions or suspensions. Solution aerosols – Topical aerosols consist of a solution of active ingredients in pure propellant […]
Pharmaceutical Aerosols The propellant generally is regarded as the heart of the aerosol package. In addition to supplying the necessary force to expel the product, the propellant must also act as a solvent and diluent and has much to do […]