“Klinefelter syndrome is best defined as male hypogonadism that occurs when there are two or more X – chromosomes and one or more Y – chromosome.” 1.] Klinefelter syndrome is an example of sex chromosome trisomy. 2.] Karyotype of person […]
Proteins Digestion of proteins:- digestion of proteins starts in the stomach where proteins undergo breakdown and forms peptides by the action of an enzyme called as pepsin. Digestion continues in small intestine where the enzymes of pancreatic juice like- trypsin, […]
Disorders of Female reproductive system 1. Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID):- This condition usually occurs due to the sexually transmitted infections. It usually begins as vulvovaginitis (inflammation of vulva and vagina ) and then spread to the cervix, uterus, uterine tubes […]
The mechanism of respiration involves 2 processes- exchange of oxygen and carbon-dioxide transport of oxygen and carbon-dioxide We have already studied, exchange of gases I previous article. in this article we will discuss transport of gases. We know that blood […]
Hemostasis is a series of process which stops bleeding, when the blood vessel is broken or damaged this process takes place. Hemostasis is done through three steps or mechanisms which are as follows- Vascular spasm:-when arteries and arterioles are damaged, […]
Function of Blood Composition of Blood Blood has two components- blood plasma and formed elements. Blood plasma is a watery liquid extracellular matrix that contains dissolved substances. While the formed elements are the cell and cell fragments. Blood has about […]
Homeostasis is a condition of balance in the body’s internal environment, due to the regular interaction of body’s regulatory processes. In response to the changes in the external environment, the equilibrium of the body is altered. For Example:- blood glucose […]
Chromosomes The nucleus of all the body cells contain an identical copy of the individual’s genetic material. RBCs and sex cells(gametes) are the only two exception which does not contains the identical copy. In a cell, chromatin (genetic material) is […]
Disorders of kidney are described as follows:- 1. Glomerulonephritis (GN) This is an inflammatory condition of glomerulus. It has an autoimmune component which leads to the production of immune complexes that may enter the glomerular capillaries and cause inflammation and […]
Disorders of Pituitary gland a. Hypersecretion of anterior pituitary hormones:- This condition usually occurs due to excess secretion of growth hormone releasing hormone(GHRH) by the hypothalamus. As the tumor increases in size, all the nearby structure are compressed; which results […]