Fallopian Tube (Uterine Tube) Anatomy Notes- Female Reproductive system MCQ for NEET, GPAT, Nursing Exam
Fallopian Tube (Uterine Tube) – Anatomy Notes
1. Introduction
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Also called: Uterine tube or Oviduct.
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Function:
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Transport ova from the ovary to the uterus.
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Site of fertilization (usually in the ampulla).
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2. Parts of the Fallopian Tube
(from lateral → medial):
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| Infundibulum | Funnel-shaped, opens into the peritoneal cavity near the ovary. Has fimbriae (finger-like projections) that sweep the oocyte. |
| Ampulla | Longest and widest part; typical site of fertilization. |
| Isthmus | Narrow, thick-walled portion near the uterus. |
| Intramural (Interstitial) | Part that passes through the uterine wall and opens into the uterine cavity. |
3. Histological Layers
(from innermost → outermost):
| Layer | Description |
|---|---|
| Mucosa | Highly folded, lined with ciliated simple columnar epithelium and secretory cells. |
| Muscularis | Inner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle layers — important for peristalsis. |
| Serosa | Outer covering; visceral peritoneum (simple squamous epithelium). |
4. Blood Supply
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Arterial:
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Branches from the uterine artery (branch of internal iliac artery).
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Ovarian artery (direct branch from the abdominal aorta).
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Venous drainage:
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Uterine and ovarian veins.
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5. Nerve Supply
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Sympathetic: From hypogastric plexus (T10–L2).
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Parasympathetic: Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2–S4).
6. Clinical Importance
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Ectopic Pregnancy: Implantation of fertilized ovum outside uterus, commonly in ampulla.
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Tubal ligation: Surgical procedure for female sterilization by cutting/sealing fallopian tubes.
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Can cause scarring and blockage of tubes leading to infertility.
Quick Diagram Summary
(lateral to medial parts)
Ovary → Fimbriae → Infundibulum → Ampulla → Isthmus → Intramural → Uterus
MCQs on Fallopian Tube Anatomy
1. The usual site of fertilization in the female reproductive tract is:
A) Isthmus
B) Infundibulum
C) Ampulla
D) Intramural part
➔ Answer: C) Ampulla
2. The part of the fallopian tube which is funnel-shaped and has fimbriae is:
A) Isthmus
B) Infundibulum
C) Ampulla
D) Intramural part
➔ Answer: B) Infundibulum
3. The epithelium lining the fallopian tube is:
A) Stratified squamous
B) Simple cuboidal
C) Simple columnar ciliated
D) Pseudostratified columnar
➔ Answer: C) Simple columnar ciliated
4. The blood supply of the fallopian tube comes mainly from:
A) Internal pudendal artery
B) Uterine and ovarian arteries
C) Superior vesical artery
D) Middle rectal artery
➔ Answer: B) Uterine and ovarian arteries
5. Ectopic pregnancy most commonly occurs in which part of the fallopian tube?
A) Isthmus
B) Ampulla
C) Infundibulum
D) Intramural
➔ Answer: B) Ampulla