Notes on Female Reproductive System Function, MCQ for GPAT, NEET, NORCET, CUET

1. Main Functions

• Production of female gametes (ova): Occurs in the ovaries via oogenesis.

• Reception of male gametes (sperm): Happens through the vagina during sexual intercourse.

• Fertilization: Usually occurs in the fallopian tubes.

• Implantation and development of embryo: Takes place in the uterus.

• Parturition (childbirth): Expulsion of the fetus at the end of pregnancy.

• Lactation: Milk production by mammary glands after childbirth.

• Participate in GPAT MOCK TEST

2. Primary Organs and Their Functions

a. Ovaries

• Produce ova (eggs) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

• Responsible for menstrual cycle regulation.

b. Fallopian Tubes (Oviducts)

• Transport the egg from ovary to uterus.

• Site of fertilization.

c. Uterus

• Muscular organ where the fertilized egg implants and develops.

• Contracts during childbirth to expel the baby.

d. Vagina

• Receives the penis during intercourse.

• Serves as a passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth.

e. Cervix

• Narrow neck of the uterus opening into the vagina.

• Produces mucus that changes consistency during menstrual cycle.

3. Hormonal Control

• FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone): Stimulates egg development in ovaries.

• LH (Luteinizing Hormone): Triggers ovulation and development of corpus luteum.

• Estrogen: Builds uterine lining; secondary sexual characteristics.

• Progesterone: Maintains uterine lining for pregnancy.

MCQs on Female Reproductive System

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1. Which hormone is responsible for ovulation?
   a) FSH
   b) LH
   c) Estrogen
   d) Progesterone
   Answer: b) LH

2. Fertilization usually occurs in the:
   a) Uterus
   b) Ovary
   c) Fallopian tube
   d) Vagina
   Answer: c) Fallopian tube

3. Which organ produces female gametes?
   a) Uterus
   b) Ovary
   c) Vagina
   d) Cervix
   Answer: b) Ovary

4. The hormone responsible for maintaining the uterine lining is:
   a) FSH
   b) Estrogen
   c) Progesterone
   d) Testosterone
   Answer: c) Progesterone

5. What is the main function of the cervix?
   a) Fertilization
   b) Menstruation
   c) Passage of sperm and baby
   d) Hormone secretion
   Answer: c) Passage of sperm and baby