Prazosin

IUPAC nomenclature

Classification

Prazosin belongs to class α₁-antagonist.

Physiochemical Properties

Mechanism of Action

i. The drug inhibits postsynaptic α₁-adrenoceptors.

ii. This results in inhibition of vasoconstricting effect of catecholamines.

iii. This further leads to blood vessel dilation. [1]

Structure Activity Relationship

• Cyclohexanediamine derivatives are having no potency and selectivity
• Dialkylpiperizine compounds are having high affinity and selectivity for α₁-adrenoceptors.
• Cis Derivatives are most potent. [2]

Method of synthesis

i. 2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid reacts with sodium cyanate to give 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline-2,4-diol.

ii. Later compound undergoes chlorination to give 2,4-dichloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline.

iii. It than reacts with ammonia to produce 2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine.

iv. Latter compound reacts with (furan-3-l)(piperazin-1-yl) methanone to give prazosin.

Therapeutic Uses

Prazosin is used for:

• Treatment of high blood pressure
• Prevention of strokes
• Prevention of heart attacks
• During kidney problems

 Side Effects

Side effects of Prazosin are:

• Nausea
• Palpitations
• Weakness
• Lack of energy
• Headache
• Lightheadedness
• Drowsiness
• Dizziness

 MCQs

Q.1 Correct statements related with the physicochemical properties of drug Prazosin?

I. Molecular weight is 383.4 gm/mol

II. Melting point is approx. 150°C

III. Octanol/water partition coefficient is 5.4

a) I

b) I, II

c) II, III

d) I, II, III

Q.2 Match the following of the drugs with their correct IUPAC names.

 a) i-A, ii-C, iii-D, iv-B

b) i-C, ii-A, iii-D, iv-B

c) i-D, ii-B, iii-A, iv-C

d) i-D, ii-C, iii-B, iv-A

Q.3 Correct steps for the mechanism of action of the drug……

I. Inhibition of postsynaptic α1-adrenoceptors.

II. Inhibition of vasoconstricting effect of catecholamines.

III. Stimulation of vasoconstricing effect of catecholamines

IV. Blood vessels dilation

a) I – III – IV

b) I – II – IV

c) II – III – IV

d) I – II – III – IV

Q.4 Correct sequence for True/false for the classification of the drug can be?

• Prazosin: selective α₂-adrenergic antagonist
• Clodine: Selective α₂-adrenergic agonist
• Tolazoline: nonselective α-adrenergic antagnist
• Methoxamine: selective α₂-adrenergic agonist

a) FTTT

b) FTTF

c) TTTT

d) FTFT

Q.5 Cis derivatives of prazosin will have?

a)Most potency

b) Most selectivity

c) Least potency

d) Least selectivity

Q.6 The correct sequence for the steps for synthesis of drug prazosin from 2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid?

I. Reaction with (furan-3-l)(piperazin-1-yl)mehanone

II. Chlorination

III. Reaction with sodium cyanate

IV. Reaction with ammonia

a) III – II – IV – I

b) III – II – I – IV

c) I – III – II – IV

d) II – IV – I – III

Q.7 Side effect of drug prazosin include?

a) Lack of energy

b) Palpitations

c) Light headedness

d) All of the above

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ANSWERS

1-a

2-d

3-b

4-c

5-a

6-a

7-d

REFERENCES