Classification of Anticholinergic Drugs Based on Uses, Chemical Nature, Receptor Selectivity
Classification of Anticholinergic Drugs
1. Based on Receptor Selectivity
A. Muscarinic Antagonists (Selectively block muscarinic receptors)
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Atropine
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Hyoscine (Scopolamine)
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Homatropine
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Cyclopentolate
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Tropicamide
B. Ganglion Blockers (Block nicotinic receptors at autonomic ganglia)
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Hexamethonium
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Mecamylamine
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Trimethaphan
C. Neuromuscular Blockers (Block nicotinic receptors at NMJ)
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Non-depolarizing: Tubocurarine, Pancuronium, Atracurium
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Depolarizing: Succinylcholine (acts initially as an agonist, then blocks)
2. Based on Therapeutic Use
A. For Ophthalmic Use (mydriatics, cycloplegics)
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Atropine
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Homatropine
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Tropicamide
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Cyclopentolate
B. For Gastrointestinal and Urinary Disorders
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Dicyclomine (IBS)
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Hyoscine butylbromide (spasmolytic)
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Oxybutynin (overactive bladder)
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Tolterodine, Solifenacin, Darifenacin (urinary incontinence)
C. For Respiratory Disorders (Bronchodilators)
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Ipratropium bromide
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Tiotropium
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Aclidinium
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Glycopyrronium
D. For Parkinson’s Disease
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Trihexyphenidyl
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Benztropine
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Biperiden
E. Preanesthetic Medication
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Atropine
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Glycopyrrolate
F. Motion Sickness
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Scopolamine (hyoscine)
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3. Based on Chemical Structure
A. Tertiary Amines (cross BBB – CNS effects)
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Atropine
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Scopolamine
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Dicyclomine
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Trihexyphenidyl
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Benztropine
B. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (do not cross BBB – peripheral actions only)
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Ipratropium
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Tiotropium
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Glycopyrrolate
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Propantheline
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