Chickenpox : Causative Agent, Structure, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF

Chickenpox : Causative Agent, Structure, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment And MCQs for NEET, GPAT, CSIR NET JRF

CAUSATIVE AGENT : Varicella zoster virus {VZV}

STRUCTURE : It is similar to other herpes virus caspids, the caspid is made up of mainly four types of proteins that are arranged in icosahedral symmetry.

PATHOGENESIS :

  • It generally occur in non – immune person as it is an acute vesicular exanthem.
  • Infection begins in the nasopharynx.
  • When virus enters the bloodstream, viremia is accompanied by onset of fever, malaise and anorexia.
  • Maculopapular skin rash, usually on the upper trunk of face, develop in a day or two.
  • Also, there will be formation of vesicles which rupture and heal with the formation of scabs.
  • In some cases pneumonia, hepatitis, encephalitis, arthritis, hemorrhage may also occur.

The above image is taken for education purpose only from penstatehershey.adam.com

SYMPTOMS :

Following are the symptoms of chickenpox :-

  • Very high fever with headache
  • Malaise ( tiredness and a general felling of being unwell )
  • Tiny fluid filled blisters, which are formed in one day and can burst and leak.
  • Red bumps (papules)
  • Itching

Chicken Pox Notification - 13 September Newsletter 2019

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TREATMENT :

Following are the antiviral drugs given :-

  • Acyclovir (Zovirax, Sitavig)
  • Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
  • Famciclovir
  • Privigen (it is an immune globulin intravenous)
  • Varicella vaccine is also given as a shot when kids are between 12 – 15 month old.

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS :-

1.] Once exposed to the infection, in how many days a person can develop chickenpox ?

a. 1

b. 3

c. 5

d. 10

2.] Chicken pox are caused due to which virus ?

a. Varicella zoster

b. Streptococcus

c. Both

d. None of the above

3.] Varicella zoster is an ?

a. Herpes virus

b. Rhino virus

c. Both

d. None of the above

4.] Chicken pox is contagious ?

a. True

b. False

5.] Is there a chicken pox vaccine ?

a. True

b. False

6.] How is shingles treated ?

a. No treatment is available

b. Antibiotics

c. Antivirals

d. Anesthesia

7.] How long does the shingles outbreak lasts ?

a. 1 week

b. 3 week

c. 5 week

d. Both (c) and (d)

8.] What percentage of adults may get shingles ?

a. 10 %

b. 12 %

c. 15 %

d. 25 %

9.] Which of these is a possible complication of shingles ?

a. Vision problem

b. Hearing problem

c. Pain that doesn’t go away

d. All of the above

10.] When can a person with shingles pass shingles on to another person ?

a. Never

b. Just before the rash appear

c. While the rash is visible

d. Both (b) and (c)

 

SOLUTIONS :-

1.] (d) 10

2.] (a) Varicella zoster

3.] (a) Herpes virus

4.] (a)

5.] (a)

6.] (c) Antivirals

7.] (d)

8.] (d) 25 %

9.] (d)

10.] (a) Never

 

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REFERENCES :-

1.] Textbook of Pathology By Harsh Mohan; 7th edition; Page no.177.

2.] Robbin’s Basic Pathology; 5th edition; Page no.349 – 350.

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