Arjun

Synonyms :- 

Arjun bark, Arjun

Biological Source :- 

Arjun consists of dried stem bark of the plant known as terminalia Arjuna Rob, belonging to family Combretaceae.

It contain not less than 0.02 percentage of arjungenin on dried basis.

Geographical Source :- 

The tree is common in Indian Peninsula. It is grown by the side of streams and very common in chotta nagpur region.

Cultivation and collection :- 

Arjun is found as naturally growing plant in the dense forests. It is very common in baitul in Madhya Pradesh and dehradun, uttrakhand. Arjun can be successful raised by sowing seeds or by means of stumps. The seeds take about 21 day for germination. It needs moist fertile alluvial loam and rainfall in the range of 75-190 cm. It grows satisfactorily up to 45 degree C. The bark is also collected from wild growing plant and it is reported that yield per tree varies from 9-55 kg.

Macroscopic Characteristics :-

Colour :- colour of the outer side, is greyish brown, Inner side of bark is reddish brown.

Odour :- None

Taste :- Astringent

Size :- The pieces of various sizes about 15*10*1 cm

Shape :- Flats

Chemical Constituents :- 

Arjun contain about 15 percentage of tannins (hydrolysable). It also contains triterpenoid saponin, arjunolic acid, arjunic acid, arjungenin.

In addition it contain bita sitosterol, ellagic acid and arjunic acid.

The crystallisable compound reported are arjunine and arjunetine.

Arjunetin, arjunolone and arjunone are the flavonoids reported in arjuna bark.

Calcium, aluminium and magnesium salts, along with colouring matter and sugar are the other constituents of arjuna.

Uses :- 

• Arjun bark is used as a Cardiotonic. It reduces angina frequency it is also styptic, febrifugel and anti dysenteric.
• It possesses diuretic and tonic properties.
• The drug exhibits hypotensive action with vasodilation and decreased heart rate.
• The diuretic activity is due to arjunolic acid.
• Arjun bark is used extensively in the tanneries and also as a timber

MCQ :- 

1. Which of the following is not macroscopic Characteristics of arjun ?

A. Arjun Inner bark has reddish brown colour.

B. It has astringent taste.

C. Bark haa flat in shape.

D. Bark has curve in shape.

2. Which of the following Chemical Constitution is not present in arjuna ?

A. Arjunolic acid

B. Arjunolone

C. Ellagic acid

D. Steroic acid

3. Which of the following is not use of arjun ?

A. Parkinson’s

B. Diuretic activity

C. Angina attack

D. Febrifugel

4. Which of the following sentences is false about arjun ?

A. Arjun belong to family Combretaceae.

B. Arjun is found as naturally growing plant in the dense forests.

C. Potassium salts are present in arjun.

D. Calcium salts are present in arjun.

5. Which of the following is use of arjun ?

A. Diuretic

B. Angina

C. A and B

D. None of the above

6. How many percentage of arjungenin present in arjun bark ?

A. 0.01

B. 0.02

C.0.0002

D. 0.002

7. Which of the following compound is present in crystal structure?

A. Arjunine

B. Ellagic acid

C. Bita sitosterol

D. Arjunetin

8. Which of the following is not use of arjun ?

A. Diuretic

B. Cardiotonic

C. Hypotensive

D. Seizer

9. Match Of The Following

i Tanin.             A 0.02

ii Arjungenin.   B 45

iii Temperature. C 15

A. i→ A ii→B iii→C

B. i→ C ii →A iii→B

C. i→ C ii →B iii→A

D. i→A ii→B iii→C

10. Arjun belong to family

A. Liliaceae

B. Solanaceae

C. Rubiaceae

D. Combretaceae

Answer Key :- 

1. D

2. D

3. A

4. C

5. C

6. B

7. A

8. D

9. B

10. D

Reference :-

Effect of Terminalia Arjuna on total platelet count and lipid profile in patients of coronary artery disease

https://www.aihbonline.com/article.asp?issn=23218568;year=2019;volume=9;issue=1;spage=98;epage=101;aulast=Priya

This information is taken only for education purpose.