“Hypertrophy refers to increase in the size of cells and, with such changes, an increase in the size of the organs.” 1.] Basically, in hypertrophy the increased size of the cell is not due to the increased intake of fluid, […]
In pyrimidine synthesis, firstly the pyrimidine ring is formed and then ribose phosphate group is attached. This ribose phosphate group is donated by PRPP (phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate). The major pyrimidine nucleotide involve: TMP, CMP and UMP. Precursors for the De-novo synthesis of […]
Catabolism of purine nucleotide The end product of catabolism of purine is uric acid. Mammals oxidize the uric acid to allantoin, which further get converted into urea and then ammonia. Reactions of catabolism of purine nucleotide Firstly the phosphate group […]
Purine and pyrimidine are dietary non-essential components. Dietary nucleic acid and nucleotides do not provide essential components for the synthesis of endogenous nucleic acids. In humans, the synthesis of nucleic acid is done by 2 methods: de-novo synthesis method and […]
The rate of enzymatic reactions depends on: Substrate concentration Enzyme concentration Effect of Ph Effect of temp Time Activators: it refers to the one that activates the enzymatic reaction. So activators are directly proportional to rate enzymatic reactions Inhibitors:– these […]
“Necrosis is defined as a localized area of death of tissue followed later by degradation of tissue by hydrolytic enzymes liberated from dead cells; it is invariably accompanied by inflammatory reaction.” CAUSES Of NECROSIS: – Following are the causes of […]
Hemoglobin is a conjugated protein with prosthetic group heme. Hb is found in the RBCs and carries oxygen from lungs to the tissues and the reverse process occurs when Hb carries CO2 from tissues to the lungs. The red color […]