“Parkinsonism is a syndrome of chronic progressive disorder of motor function and is clinically characterized by tremors.” CHARACTERISTICS: – As Parkinsonism is a clinical disease, so it is characterized by following: Diminished facial expression Stooped posture Slowness of voluntary movement […]
“Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which the nerve cells of the brain are disturbed which results into the seizures.” 1.] Epilepsy was first discovered in the year 400 B.C. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: – Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which there […]
“Stroke is a clinical term that refers to the sudden development of the neurological deficit caused by abnormalities of the blood supply.” 1.] The term stroke is also known as “Brain attack” and is one of the symptoms of Cerebral […]
“Depression is an effective emotional disorder and mental illness characterized by sadness of mood, poverty of ideas and psychomotor retardation.” 1.] Depression can occur at any age. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: – 1.] Biogenic amine hypothesis: Decreased brain levels of the neurotransmitter’s norepinephrine, […]
“Amyloidosis is the term used for a group of disease characterized by extracellular deposition of fibrillar insoluble proteinaceous substance called amyloid.” “Amyloid is an pathogenic proteinaceous substance, deposited between cells in various tissues and organs of the body in a […]
“Due to the qualitative or quantitative defect in single coagulation factor most of the plasma coagulation disorders occurs.” 1.] Two of the most common inherited disorders are the sex – (X) – linked disorder – classic hemophilia or hemophilia A […]
” World’s Polio day is celebrated on 24 October.” CAUSATIVE AGENT : Polio is caused by Poliovirus STRUCTURE : Poliovirus is spherical, encapsulated RNA virus of the enterovirus family. It has similar structure to the rhinovirus that causes the common […]
” SCID (Severe combined immunodeficiency) is basically caused due to the deficiency of an enzyme called adenosine deaminase enzyme. In this group of immunodeficiency disease, there is a B – cell and T – cell defect which are its characteristic […]
” The thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of mendalian disorder, all characterized by lack of or decreased synthesis of either the alpha or the beta globin chain of hemoglobin A (α2β2).” 1.] Thalassemia, unlike haemoglobinopathies which are the qualitative disorders […]
” Sickle cell anemia is the prototype of hereditary hemoglobinopatghies characterized by the production of an structurally abnormal hemoglobin.” 1.] In sickle cell anemia the shape of the RBC become sickle like because of which proper oxygen is not carried […]