BRAIN The brain is a large organ which lies in the cranial cavity. The average weight of brain is 1.4 kg. It is divided in 4 parts: cerebrum, brain stem, diencephalon and cerebellum. CEREBRUM Cerebrum is the largest part of […]
CRANIAL NERVES There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves which originate from the nuclei in the inferior surface of the brain, out of which some are sensory some are motor nerves and the remaining one are the mixed nerves that […]
The peripheral nervous system consist of 3 parts- 31 pairs of spinal nerves 12 pairs of cranial nerves autonomic nervous system Autonomic Nervous System ANS is a involuntary part of nervous system and controls involuntary body activities. Stimulation of ANS […]
The spinal cord is a long cylindrical portion of the central nervous system. It is suspended in the vertebral column and is enclosed by the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid. The spinal cord is continuous with the medulla oblongata and extends […]
Transport of material across the plasma membrane of cell is essential for life of a cell. Certain substances must move into the cell for metabolic activities; while some substances which are produced by the cell or are waste products should […]
INTRODUCTION :- It is characterized by the process of regeneration of the damaged tissue by the cells of the same type and replacement of the lost tissue with the connective tissue. Regeneration refers to proliferation of cells and tissues to […]
” Increased vascular permeability is the hallmark of acute inflammation.” CAUSES OF VASCULAR PERMEABILITY :- It is caused by the separation of the endothelial cells resulting in the movement of fluids, cells and proteins out of the blood vessels collectively […]
INTRODUCTION :- ” Alcoholic liver disease is a result of over consuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to a buildup of fats, inflammation, and scarring which could be fatal.” Alcoholic liver disease is the damage of the liver and […]
INTRODUCTION :- ” The mechanism by which the constancy of the internal environment is maintained and ensured is called the homeostasis.” 1.] Homeostasis is an dynamic condition. 2.] Each structure, from the cellular level to the systemic level, contributes in […]