STAINING Introduction A stain is a chemical which can bind with the cellular components and give them color. Different dyes which can be used for staining are basic/cationic dyes (methylene blue, crystal violet, malachite green, safranin) and anioninc/acidic dyes (eosin […]
” Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic disorders in which there is impaired glucose utilization, including hyperglycemia.” 1.] In diabetes mellitus fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism is commonly affected. 2.] People with diabetes are very much prone to infection. […]
95% of all the primary thyroid cancers are carcinomas (means most common type of cancer). Carcinoma of the thyroid gland has four major morphologic types with distinctly different clinical behavior and variable prevalence. These are – the papillary, follicular, medullary […]
” It is an syndrome in which woman’s hormones are out of balance and leads to oligomenorrhea, anovulation, infertility, hirsutism and obesity in young women.” 1.] It is also called Polycystic Ovarian Disease [PCOD] or Stein – Leventhal syndrome. The […]
CAUSATIVE AGENT : Malaria is caused by the protozoa. Malaria is caused by one or by the combination of four species of plasmodium : Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium falciparum (malignant malaria) Plasmodium ovale Plasmodium malarial PATHOGENESIS AND LIFE CYCLE : Malaria sporozites […]
CAUSATIVE AGENT :- Caused by Entamoeba histolytica STRUCTURE :- E. histolytica cysts, which have a chitin wall and four nuclei, are the infectious form of parasite because they are resistant to gastric acid. TYPES :- This E. histolytica occurs in […]
Phenindamine IUPAC nomenclature 2-methyl-9-phenyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-indeno[2,1-c]pyridine Classification H1-receptor antihistamine Alkylamine antihistamine Physiochemical Properties S. NO. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 1 Molecular weight 261.4 g/mol 2 Physical appearance Solid 3 Melting point 91oC 4 Solubility 2.77e-02 g/L 5 Octanol/water […]
Cyclizine IUPAC nomenclature 1-benzhydryl-4-methyl-piperazine Classification H1-receptor antihistamine Piperazine antihistamine Physiochemical Properties S. NO. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 1 Molecular weight 266.4 g/mol 2 Physical appearance White or creamy white crystalline powder 3 Melting point 105.5oC 4 Solubility Soluble in […]
What is Protoplast? Protoplast is the plant cell without a cell wall. This protoplast possesses other cellular components and a plasma membrane. Hence, this protoplast is a functional plant cell without a barrier i.e. cell wall. Steps involved in protoplast […]
Introduction In-plant genetic engineering, plant genes can be modified for required characteristics. Desired plant genes can be transferred from one species to another, or introducing new genes can be done by genetic transformation technology. The transferred genes are known as […]