Category: Pharmaceutics

Concept of dissolution: Dissolution test parameters, Intrinsic dissolution, Compendial dissolution methods and MCQs for GPAT, NIPER, Pharmacist and Drug Inspector exam

Dissolution Test Parameters: Eccentricity of the stirring device – The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifies that the stirring shaft must rotate smoothly without significant wobble. Eccentricity can be measured in terms of total indicator reading(TIR) with the help of machinist’s […]

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Emulsifying agents, Properties of Emulsifying agents and MCQs for GPAT, NIPER, Pharmacist and Drug Inspector exam

Emulsifiers: These materials typically exhibit some surfactant characteristics but also facilitate micelle formation, which allows for stable uniform products consisting of oil-in-water or water in-oil biphasic emulsions or tri-phasic emulsions. Examples – Carbomer, Carrageenan, Lanolin, Lecithin, Mineral Oil, Oleic Acid, […]

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Properties of Coloring agents, Pigments, flavoring agents, diluting agents and MCQs for GPAT, NIPER, Pharmacist and Drug Inspector exam

Colors And Pigments: There are two basic types of coloring agents for pharmaceutical products: dyes and lakes. Dyes are soluble forms of a particular color. They go into solution and can result in very deep, vibrant colors. Lakes are dyes […]

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Suspending agents, Properties of Suspending agents and MCQs for GPAT, NIPER, Pharmacist and Drug Inspector exam

Suspending Agents: Suspending agents are similar to viscosifiers in a formulation. They function by keeping small particles of active, and possibly other excipients, suspended during the shelf life of the product. Examples – Acacia, Agar, Carbomer, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC), […]

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