“Chronic renal failure is a syndrome characterized by progressive and irreversible deterioration of renal function due to the destruction of the renal parenchyma.” “Major problem in CRF is of acidosis with the development of biochemical azotaemia and clinical uremia syndrome.” […]
” Heart failure is defined as the pathophysiologic state in which impaired cardiac function is unable to maintain an adequate circulation for the metabolic needs of the tissues of the body.” A.] Chronic heart failure occurs either because of decreased […]
INTRODUCTION :- “Thrombosis is a process of formation of solid mass in circulation from the constituent of flowing blood, the mass itself is called as thrombus.” 1.] Thrombosis is characterized by events that essentially involve activation of platelets, the process […]
INTRODUCTION :- “Embolism is the process of partial or complete obstruction of some part of the cardiovascular system by any mass carried in the circulation; the transported intravascular mass detached from opits site of origin is called embolus.” 1.] Most […]
INTRODUCTION :- Infarction is the process of tissue necrosis, usually of coagulative type, resulting from ischemia; the localized area of necrosis so developed is called an infarct. It occurs because of the occlusion (blockage or closing of blood vessels) of […]
INTRODUCTION :- It is characterized by the process of regeneration of the damaged tissue by the cells of the same type and replacement of the lost tissue with the connective tissue. Regeneration refers to proliferation of cells and tissues to […]
” Increased vascular permeability is the hallmark of acute inflammation.” CAUSES OF VASCULAR PERMEABILITY :- It is caused by the separation of the endothelial cells resulting in the movement of fluids, cells and proteins out of the blood vessels collectively […]
It is a cell with a unique capacity to produce unaltered daughter cell (self – renewal) and to generate specialized cell type (potency). 1.] Stem cells are the primitive cells which has two main functions : They have the capacity […]
INTRODUCTION :- ” Alcoholic liver disease is a result of over consuming alcohol that damages the liver, leading to a buildup of fats, inflammation, and scarring which could be fatal.” Alcoholic liver disease is the damage of the liver and […]